LES DÉSERTEURS
BAS JAN ADER | MARIE BRACQUEMOND | GUSTAVE COURBET | SALVADOR DALÍ | QUENTIN DEROUET | SIMON HANTAÏ | VICTOR HUGO | JACQUELINE LAMBA | GHERASIM LUCA | ROBERT MALAVAL | FLORA MOSCOVICI | OLIVIER MOSSET | GEORGES RIBEMONT-DESSAIGNES | JULIETTE ROCHE | MATHILDE ROSIER | AURÉLIA ZAHEDI
« Pour ma part, je serai toujours du côté des déserteurs » Annie Le Brun
"I, for one, will always be on the side of the Deserters’’. Annie Le Brun
Art History is full of figures who have chosen to step aside, to withdraw, in order to assert themselves by the very act of renunciation. Others have faced forced withdrawal, immobilised, coerced. By bringing together artists who have taken the road less travelled, Les Déserteurs reveals the works of out-of-the-box personalities who operate like tightrope walkers at the crossroads of the art world, highlighting the intimate link between creation and withdrawal.
According to Paul Ardenne, renunciation or desertion can be understood as a ‘survival strategy’, a position of lucidity, a desire to conceal oneself, where withdrawal, far from being a failure, asserts itself as an alternative form of existence.
In certain periods marked by ideological and economic upheaval - such as the 1910s or the 1960s and 1970s - renouncing art seems to become a response to disillusionment, when art's promise to transform society falters. This critical stance often takes the form of a rejection of the capitalist model of art and the commodification of creation.
This withdrawal takes various forms over the years: from the underground life of Robert Malaval to the voluntary isolation of Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes, Juliette Roche, Jacqueline Lamba and Simon Hantaï, and the Arizonian desert of Olivier Mosset. For some, like Flora Moscovici, Aurélia Zahedi and Mathilde Rosier, withdrawal allows the creation of an alternative ecosystem; for others, like Salvador Dalí and Quentin Derouet, it opens up a prolific creative space-time. Sometimes, withdrawal becomes a committed act, as with the stateless Gherasim Luca, or a creative process embodying absence itself, as with James Lee Byars or Bas Jan Ader, who turned their withdrawal into an artistic act. In some cases, the ‘survival strategy’ is a last resort, enabling artists to continue creating even though they are forced to do so: Victor Hugo in Guernsey, Gustave Courbet who drew tirelessly behind the bars of his cell, while Marie Bracquemond transformed her imposed withdrawal into an act of defiance against the authority of her husband Félix Bracquemond.
Léa Salavert's research also offers a gendered reading of renunciation: the withdrawals of women artists are often less valued or pathologised, while those of men are sometimes mythologised. In this way, the romantic myth of the marginal artist, embodied by figures such as Rimbaud, is revived in these stories of renunciation.
Les Déserteurs explores the many facets of renunciation in art, whether chosen, imposed or in reaction to a world too narrow to contain the ideals of certain artists. The exhibition invites us to reflect on the power of absence, and to consider the gesture of withdrawal as an expression as strong as, if not stronger than, the work itself. By redefining their own status, the artists renounce established conventions in order to reimagine their relationship with art.
In memory of Chantal Helenbeck
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MATHILDE ROSIERNos corps électriques dans les champs magnétiques , octobre 2024Acrylique sur tissus tendu sur toile avec cadre
Acrylic on fabric stretched over canvas with frame50 x 42 cm
19 3/4 x 16 1/2 in -
GUSTAVE COURBETFemmes et fillettes dans un paysage champêtre ou La Cueillette, Vers 1870Fusain sur papier
Charcoal on paper16 x 24 cm
6 1/4 x 9 1/2 in -
JACQUELINE LAMBANuage, Circa 1985Huile sur papier kraft
Oil on kraft paper119 x 75 cm
46 7/8 x 29 1/2 in -
ROBERT MALAVAL« Faites - vous peur... »., 1962Signée, titrée et datée [19]62 au dos du masque et du cadre.Sculpture, technique mixte sur papier, masque posé sur un cadre à fond de glace.
Sculpture, mixed technique on paper, mask placed on a framed mirror.79 x 70 cm
31 1/8 x 27 1/2 in -
OLIVIER MOSSETUntitled, 2007Polyuréthane sur toile
Polyurethane on canvas
122 x 122 cm
48 x 48 inCourtesy of Galerie PACTCopyright The Artist -
VICTOR HUGOBord de mer à Guernesey, 1856Localisé, signé et daté en bas à gauche : « Guernesey. Victor Hugo. 1856 »Plume et lavis d’encre brune, fusain et aquarelle sur papier
Pen and brown ink wash, charcoal and watercolour on paper4.4 x 12 cm
1 3/4 x 4 3/4 in